Tag Archive: Hades


Hades and Kerberos - from Meyers Konversationslexikon - 1888

Hades and Kerberos - from Meyers Konversationslexikon - 1888

In Greek mythology, Hades was probably the most feared of all gods compared to his brothers Zeus and Poseidon, and with good reason too. He was the god who presided over the netherworld and was also the custodian of the dead. He had a stern unrelenting demeanour to go with the job, and this precluded any attempts at worshipping or even requesting favours from him. Therefore there weren’t any temples to his name as there were for his more amiable siblings. Hades didn’t seem to mind all this too much and his major pre-occupation was to keep his subjects, the dead souls, from leaving his kingdom. He had state-of-the art technology of the day guarding the entrance of the netherworld. This would include the ferocious three-headed dog which stood guard, and the dark, murky river Styx which could not be forded without a ferry. And the ferry guide was none other than the cranky Charon, who really couldn’t be bothered helping anyone escape.

Now this is not the kind of bio-data that would attract prospective brides and Hades was not one given to denial. So when the time came for him to find a bride, he planted a pomegranate tree in a meadow frequented by the naïve and the nubile, and then proceeded to bide his time. He didn’t have to wait long for there came fair Persephone, the daughter of Zeus and Demeter, along with a bevy of beautiful nymphs. She saw the beautiful pomegranate and did what any self-respecting young girl would do—reach out and grab. As she did so Hades sprang out from the fruit, loaded her and the fruit onto his horse and was gone before her companions could say, “Bad Hades!”

Well there was a witness to this vile deed, none other than Apollo himself on his chariot up in the sky. The thought probably crossed his mind, ” Now why didn’t I think of that?” and he proceeded to inform Demeter about the series of unfortunate events. She went into a rage, and when all efforts to recover her daughter failed to yield fruit, she cursed the earth with a dry spell that caused all vegetation to dry up and yield no fruit. Now Zeus was worried. This was bad, really bad, for the earth was his realm and his reputation was at stake. So he intervened and soon they reached a compromise where Persephone would spent two thirds of a year with her mother and a third with Hades. Everyone was happy and the earth bloomed again. And Zeus heaved a sigh of relief.

Medusa, by Caravaggio (1592:1600)

Medusa, by Caravaggio (1592:1600)

In Greek mythology, Medusa was an extremely beautiful mortal woman well known for her cascading golden locks. She was even compared to the goddess Athena who was inflamed with jealousy as well as annoyed at this audacity. Medusa had many suitors whom she turned away disappointed. Poseidon, the god of the sea however, took things into his own hands and forced himself on her when she turned up at the temple of Athena to worship. Talk about irony.

Athena who had the fireworks ready was just waiting for a spark to set it off. This incident proved sufficient and she set out taking revenge. First she turned Medusa’s golden curls into serpents, and then her face into that of a hideous gorgon. She did such a good job of it that anyone who looked on that once stunning face would now be turned into pillars of stone by its repulsiveness.

Medusa in stone

Medusa in stone

Life as she knew it was soon denied her and Medusa retreated into seclusion in the company of two other gorgons Stheno and Euryale. She lived in a cavern littered with stone pillars.

Perseus with the Head of Medusa, by Benvenuto Cellini, installed 1554

Perseus with the Head of Medusa, by Benvenuto Cellini, installed 1554

Young Perseus was on a mission to save his mother and killing a gorgon was at the top of his to-do list. Now Medusa alone was a mortal among the three gorgons and so she was the automatic choice. The problem uppermost on his mind was not how to kill a gorgon, but how to do it without looking at her. The gods of course, chipped in with gadgets and advice. Athena gifted him a shield so he could see Medusa reflected off it and not have to look at her directly. Hermes gave him his winged footwear for speed, and Hades donated his helmet of invisibility so he could escape unseen. With all these aids at his disposal even Mr. Bean could’ve accomplished the mission, and Perseus with Athena’s guidance did just that.

As her head was chopped off her offspring conceived from Poseidon emerged from her trunk. These were the winged horse, Pegasus, and Chrysaor. Pegasus winged his way to Zeus in Olympus and was employed to carry his lightning bolts. Not much is known about Chrysaor who is supposed to be a giant. Perseus used Medusa’s head as a weapon in battles, for even in death it had the power to turn people into stone. He later presented it to Athena who may have finally been able to lay her insecurities to rest.